We present a rapid and simple approach for sensitive detection of antibiotic residues in food samples, based on luminescence induction by live bacterial sensor strains, integrated into a CCD-based lens-free optical analyzer (LumiSense). Using ciprofloxacin as a model antibiotic, we demonstrate response times of between 20 to 80 min, and detection thresholds of 8 ng/mL for milk, egg white and chicken extract, and 64 ng/mL for egg yolk. These values are below the minimal allowed values as defined by European Union regulations. While not intended to replace traditional analytical equipment and regulation-approved methodologies, LumiSense and similar systems, sample preparation for which involves only simple mixing, dilution and homogenization, may nevertheless provide a simple means for high-throughput food sample screening.